Agriculture Degrees

Typically offered as a Bachelor of Science (BSc Agriculture) agriculture courses are highly interdisciplinary, requiring students to have a good grasp of both natural sciences and social sciences. Core areas of study include biology, environmental sciences, chemistry, economics and business and management. Early in the programme, students will build a strong foundation in agricultural science, agricultural production, biology, and natural environments. As the course progresses, students can often customise their degree with optional modules to align with their specific interests. 

The range and combination of topics taught will vary depending on the institution. Some programmes emphasise international perspectives, covering topics like bio-based economies, global sustainability, and food systems. Others concentrate on specific regions or aspects of agriculture, such as crop farming, animal care, sustainable practices, marketing of farm products, or large-scale property management. 

Regardless of specialisation, students will gain technical expertise and an understanding of the scientific, ethical, and commercial principles of the agricultural industry. 

Most programmes combine lectures, tutorials, laboratory work, and practical sessions. Many universities offer hands-on training, often through on-campus farms or work placements, which may be mandatory or optional. A work placement, whether required or elective, provides valuable real-world experience, enhances employability, and helps clarify career goals. 

Entry requirements 

Undergraduate (BSc Agriculture): 
To enrol in a Bachelor of Science (BSc Agriculture) programme, you will typically need a high school diploma, A Levels, or an equivalent qualification. Strong academic performance in science subjects, such as biology and chemistry, is often required. UK universities may expect two A Levels in science-related disciplines, while international institutions may have similar requirements. Relevant work experience in agriculture or related fields can enhance your application and demonstrate practical understanding. 

Postgraduate (MSc Agriculture and related degrees): 
For postgraduate programmes, such as a Master of Science (MSc) in Agriculture, you’ll generally need an undergraduate degree in agriculture, biology, environmental science, or a related field. Professional experience and strong academic performance are advantageous, especially for competitive or research-focused programmes. Non-native English speakers may need to provide IELTS or TOEFL scores. 

Agriculture and forestry specialisations

Most agriculture courses will allow students to choose a field of specialisation as they progress, while some are already fairly specialised to begin with. A significant number of agriculture students also go on to further specialise at master’s and PhD level, perhaps in one of the following fields: 

Crop science and agronomy 

This specialisation focuses on improving crop production, plant genetics, and sustainable farming practices to enhance agricultural efficiency and food security. Key areas of study include soil science, pest management, plant breeding, and precision agriculture technologies. Graduates can pursue careers in agronomy consulting, research and development, crop production management, agricultural policy, or roles within agrochemical and seed companies. 

Animal science 

Animal Science explores the biology, care, and management of livestock and companion animals. Key areas of study include animal nutrition, genetics, health, behaviour, and welfare. Students also learn about sustainable livestock production and its role in global food systems. Career pathways include roles in veterinary science, animal husbandry, research, animal nutrition consulting, and positions in agribusiness or government agencies focused on animal health and agriculture policy. 
See also: Veterinary science degrees 

Agribusiness and agricultural economics 

This specialisation combines business principles with agricultural sciences to address the economic challenges of food production, distribution, and resource management. Key areas of study include agricultural policy, farm management, supply chain logistics, marketing, and rural development. Graduates often pursue careers in agribusiness management, agricultural consulting, food supply chain management, policymaking, and international development, contributing to the sustainable growth of the agricultural industry. 

Sustainable agriculture and environmental management 

This specialisation focuses on environmentally friendly farming practices, resource conservation, and the reduction of agriculture’s ecological footprint. Key areas of study include soil health, water resource management, climate-smart agriculture, biodiversity, and renewable energy in farming. Graduates can pursue careers in environmental consultancy, sustainable farm management, agricultural policy, or roles with international organisations addressing global food security and sustainability challenges. 

Horticulture 

Horticulture focuses on the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants. Key areas of study include plant breeding, soil management, pest control, greenhouse management, and landscaping. Students also explore sustainable practices and innovative technologies in plant cultivation. Career pathways in horticulture include roles as horticulturists, landscape designers, greenhouse managers, research scientists, and consultants in sustainable and urban agriculture. This specialisation offers opportunities in both traditional agriculture and emerging fields like vertical farming and ecological restoration. 

Other related specialisations include agricultural economics, food science and technology, livestock management, forestry and woodland conservation, aquaculture (fish farming), pasture management, and hydroponics (soil-free plant cultivation). 

Agriculture careers

As an agriculture graduate, you'll possess a strong understanding of the scientific principles behind crop and livestock production, along with business management and practical skills. 

Employers in agriculture span a wide range of sectors, including landowners, research organisations, manufacturing companies, food processors, supermarkets, farms, conservation and environmental groups, livestock dealers, logistics companies, and more. Career options are diverse, including roles in farm management, research and development, sales and marketing, procurement, quality control, surveying, and environmental consultancy. 

Agriculture career paths you may explore include: 

Environmental consultant in agriculture 

An environmental consultant in agriculture helps ensure farming practices are environmentally sustainable and comply with regulations. Responsibilities include assessing land use, advising on resource management, evaluating environmental impacts, and recommending practices to improve soil health, water management, and biodiversity. They also assist with environmental audits, site assessments, and ensuring compliance with environmental laws. 

A degree in environmental science, agriculture, or a related field is typically required. Additional certifications or a master’s degree in environmental management or sustainable agriculture can be beneficial. Strong knowledge of environmental laws, sustainable farming, and good communication skills are essential. 

Sustainable agriculture specialist 

A sustainable agriculture specialist focuses on promoting farming practices that are environmentally friendly, economically viable, and socially responsible. Responsibilities include developing and implementing strategies to improve soil health, water conservation, pest management, and crop rotation. They also work to reduce the environmental impact of farming through sustainable technologies and practices, while improving farm productivity and profitability. 

A degree in agriculture, environmental science, or a related field is required. Additional certifications in sustainable farming practices or a master's degree in sustainable agriculture can be advantageous. Knowledge of environmental regulations, resource management, and agricultural technologies is essential. 

Agri-Tech innovator 

An agri-tech innovator works at the intersection of agriculture and technology, developing innovative solutions to improve farming practices. Responsibilities include creating and implementing technologies such as automation, precision farming tools, drones, and AI-driven systems for crop monitoring and resource management. They aim to increase productivity, reduce waste, and promote sustainable farming through technological advancements. 

A degree in agricultural engineering, computer science, or a related field is typically required. A strong understanding of both agriculture and technology, along with experience in software development, robotics, or data analysis, is beneficial. Advanced degrees or certifications in agri-tech or related fields can enhance career prospects. 

Plant breeder/geneticist 

A Plant Breeder/Geneticist works to develop new plant varieties with improved traits, such as higher yield, disease resistance, or environmental adaptability. Responsibilities include conducting research on plant genetics, crossbreeding plants, and using biotechnology to enhance crop characteristics. They also analyse genetic data and work with farmers, researchers, and companies to implement new plant varieties in agriculture. 

A degree in plant biology, genetics, agriculture, or a related field is essential. A master's or PhD in plant breeding, genetics, or molecular biology is often required for advanced research roles. Strong knowledge of plant genetics, biotechnology, and research methodologies is necessary, along with analytical and problem-solving skills. 

Agribusiness manager 

An agribusiness manager oversees the business operations of agricultural enterprises, ensuring efficiency and profitability. Their responsibilities include managing budgets, supply chains, marketing strategies, and financial planning. They also coordinate production, sales, and distribution, and may handle procurement of raw materials or oversee staff. 

A degree in agribusiness, agriculture, economics, or business management is typically required. A master’s degree in business administration (MBA) or a relevant field can enhance career prospects. Strong management, financial, and communication skills are essential for success in this role. 

Other related career pathways include, but are not limited to, agricultural economist, farm manager, food safety manager, crop consultant, agricultural engineer, livestock specialist, supply chain manager, sustainability officer, and agricultural researcher.